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Andrographis paniculata

herbs

Andrographis paniculata, commonly known as King of Bitters, is a traditional Ayurvedic and Chinese herbal remedy known for its bitter compounds, particularly andrographolides. It has been used historically for immune support and respiratory health, with emerging scientific interest in its potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.

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Benefits

Immune system support and enhanced immune response
Anti-inflammatory effects on respiratory and gastrointestinal tissues
Potential reduction in upper respiratory infection duration and severity
Antioxidant activity from andrographolide compounds
Traditional use for fever and general wellness support

Dosage

Typical Dose

300-400 mg daily of standardised extract (containing 4-6% andrographolides)

Upper Limit

1000-1200 mg daily in divided doses

Timing

With meals to enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal irritation

Forms & Bioavailability

Standardised dry extract powder

Moderate (4-6% andrographolides)

Capsules (standardised extract)

Moderate to good

Liquid tincture

Variable (depends on extraction method)

Whole dried herb decoction

Lower (non-standardised)

Side Effects

Gastrointestinal upset including nausea, diarrhoea, and abdominal pain (common at higher doses)
Allergic reactions including rash and anaphylaxis (rare but documented)
Bitter taste and appetite suppression

Interactions

May potentiate effects of immunosuppressant medications; avoid concurrent use without medical supervision
Potential interaction with antidiabetic drugs due to possible blood glucose-lowering effects
May affect warfarin metabolism and anticoagulant efficacy; use with caution

Research Summary

Evidence is moderately promising but mixed. Several randomised controlled trials suggest benefit for reducing duration of upper respiratory infections and symptoms. The andrographolide compounds show immunomodulatory activity in vitro and in animal studies. However, human trials are often small and of variable quality. More rigorous long-term safety and efficacy data are needed. Traditional use in Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine extends back centuries, though scientific validation remains incomplete.

The Bottom Line on Andrographis paniculata

Andrographis paniculata is moderately researched with promising but sometimes mixed evidence.It is most commonly used for immune system support and enhanced immune response and anti-inflammatory effects on respiratory and gastrointestinal tissues. As with any supplement, individual results vary. Start with the lower end of the dosage range and assess for 4-8 weeks before adjusting.

About Our Research

This profile is compiled from peer-reviewed research published on PubMed, the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, and established nutritional science databases. Dosages reflect clinically-studied amounts from human trials where available. We update profiles as new research emerges. This is not medical advice — consult a healthcare professional before supplementing.

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Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement, especially if you have existing health conditions or take medication.

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